Yolky,
Good to see you back
To get a good idea of what happened in the last 6-9 months, read the last 3-4 pages of the
CtP2 news archive. Although far from complete, that should provide you with a general overview of most of the important things that happened.
Beware that the recap I wrote is quite old and very much outdated, a lot has happened since I wrote it. All mods have been updated, new mods have appeared (most notably World at War!) and others have gained in importance (GoodMod is rapidly growing in popularity, it would seem). I will write a new recap when I get around to it (and if noone beats me to it), but I have no idea when that will be.
The MedMod ends in 2200 or 2300 (don't remember exactly), so yes, it goes into the near future.
Cradle is more polished now than it was when I wrote that. Although I've not played a game beyond the late Renaissance, early Modern Age in Cradle since I wrote that (or at least not as far as I can remember), but it should be entirely playable until the endyear. But the mod very much aims at ending before the Modern Age, most players will end up conquering the world before that. There are even new Victory Options as alternative ModSwapper choices that make the game end (well) before 2300 AD. So although it's possible, don't count on using Leviathans a lot when playing Cradle...
How accurate the Great Library is I can't say, all mods have had too many updates for that, I don't play enough for that and certainly don't use the GL enough...