In short (and to be as fair as I can to my opponents):
Arnelos (Prez candidate): That's me
Pro-space race, generally either pro-peace or wars of interest. In favor of "building" and economic development at this point over further wars (at least for the immediate future... we need to industrialize further right now). Main goal is the space race, though. I'm one of the leaders of hte "Democratic Industrialists of Apolyton", traditionally a pro-democracy and pro-builder/business/industry party as well as being mildly pacifist (in favor of some wars, against others). I'm also the incumbent President and the Former Foreign Affairs Minister.
Aro (Prez candidate): My opponent for President. He's a member of the "Apolytonian Labor Party", which is both pro-military as well as softer on economic development than its predecessor, the "Hawk Party", and is "pro-worker". Aro is a pretty nice guy who happens to be the nation's cartographer (he makes our maps). I think he's pro-space race. He's been around a looooong time and is very well liked, but this is his first run for office.
Nimitz (VP candidate for Arnelos): The current leader of the DIA party and been around since nearly the start of the game. Has run for Foreign Affairs Minister 3 times, but lost all of those times (he ran against a VERY popular incumbent who's now Chief Justice of the Court). Pro-space race, pro-economic develpment over war, etc.
Aggie (VP candidate for Aro): Former President and Former Supreme Military Commander. Ran for President himself, but lost out on the first round and became Aro's running mate. Aggie is the leader of the FEAR and ARM (don't remember precisely what the acronyms stand for), which is essentially the Religious Right party. Stands for a domination victory and has been role-playing as a "prophet" sent from the Great Banana (our god) to tell us we should conquer all the AI civs.
That pretty fairly sums it up, I think.